
Parmesan cheese is a hard, low-moisture cheese that is less prone to bacterial growth and spoilage than softer cheeses. However, it can still go bad, and consuming expired Parmesan cheese may pose health risks. To determine if Parmesan cheese has expired, it is important to inspect it for signs of spoilage, such as mold growth, off odours, or changes in texture and colour. If mold is present, it is generally safe to cut off the affected portion and consume the remaining cheese. Proper storage, such as refrigeration and airtight containers, is crucial to preserving the quality and extending the shelf life of Parmesan cheese.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Expiry Date | Parmesan cheese can be consumed for several months beyond the expiration date, as long as it has been stored properly. |
| Storage | Store in the refrigerator, ideally at temperatures between 34°F and 40°F (1°C to 4°C). |
| Packaging | Wrap in wax paper or parchment paper, then cover with aluminium foil. For grated parmesan, use an airtight container. |
| Spoilage | Inspect for mould, off-smell, or changes in texture or colour. If mouldy, cut off the affected portion and the rest is usable. |
| Consumption | If the cheese is slightly past its expiration date but shows no signs of spoilage, it can be consumed without direct ingestion, such as in cooked dishes. |
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What You'll Learn

Inspect for mould, colour changes, and off smells
Inspecting for mould, colour changes, and off-smells is a crucial step in determining whether your Parmesan cheese has expired. Mould growth is a telltale sign of spoilage, and if present, your Parmesan cheese should be discarded. Surface mould on hard cheeses like Parmesan can often be trimmed off, but widespread mould growth indicates that the cheese is no longer safe to consume. Mould may appear as white, blue, or green spots on the surface of the cheese.
Colour changes can also indicate that your Parmesan cheese has expired. Parmesan cheese that has gone bad will typically turn more yellow or exhibit a darker beige hue. Any significant colour change can be a sign of spoilage, and while the cheese may still be safe to eat, its flavour and texture will likely be sub-optimal.
Off-smells are another indicator that your Parmesan cheese has expired. Spoiled Parmesan cheese may smell rancid, sour, or unpleasant. Parmesan cheese has a distinct nutty aroma, and any deviation from this scent may indicate spoilage. If the cheese has a strong smell, especially similar to ammonia or cat urine, it has likely gone bad.
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Refrigerate to slow bacterial growth
Parmesan cheese is a hard cheese with a low moisture content, which means it is less prone to bacterial growth than softer cheeses. However, refrigeration is still necessary to slow down the growth of harmful bacteria and mould. Parmesan should be stored in a refrigerator, ideally at temperatures between 34°F and 40°F (1°C to 4°C).
To maintain the quality of the cheese and prevent it from drying out, it should be wrapped in wax paper, parchment paper, or aluminium foil. This also helps to prevent the cheese from absorbing odours from other foods in the fridge. Once wrapped, the cheese should be placed in the least cool part of the fridge, such as a cheese drawer or a shelf closer to the door.
For freshly grated Parmesan, it is recommended to store it in an airtight container. This is because grated Parmesan has a larger surface area exposed to the air, which can increase the chances of bacterial growth. Additionally, any utensils used for grating should be clean to avoid contamination. If you have a large quantity of Parmesan, consider dividing it into smaller portions to limit exposure to air each time you use it.
If you notice mould on your Parmesan cheese, it is generally safe to cut off the affected portion and continue using the rest of the cheese. However, always use your judgment and inspect the cheese closely for any noticeable changes in colour, texture, or smell. If there are any signs of spoilage, it is best to discard the cheese to avoid the risk of foodborne illnesses.
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Proper storage prevents spoilage
Proper storage is key to preventing Parmesan cheese from spoiling. Parmesan cheese should be stored in the refrigerator, ideally at temperatures between 34°F and 40°F (1°C to 4°C). The cheese should be wrapped in wax paper or parchment paper, followed by a layer of aluminium foil. This helps to prevent the cheese from drying out and protects it from absorbing the odours of other foods in the fridge. It also allows the cheese to breathe and prevents moisture buildup, which can lead to mould growth.
Once wrapped, the cheese should be placed in the least cool part of the fridge, such as a cheese drawer or on a shelf closer to the door. For freshly grated Parmesan, it is best to use an airtight container. Ensure any utensils used for grating are clean to avoid contamination. If you have a larger quantity, consider dividing it into smaller portions to limit exposure to air each time you use it.
If you notice mould on the surface of hard cheeses like Parmesan, it is generally safe to cut off the affected portion, and the rest of the cheese should still be usable. However, if there are any noticeable changes in colour, texture, or smell, it is advisable to inspect the cheese closely and determine if it is still suitable for consumption. Always follow any specific storage instructions provided on the packaging.
While Parmesan cheese can last a long time, it is important to note that it does not last indefinitely. Even when stored properly, Parmesan cheese will eventually spoil and develop signs of spoilage such as mould growth, off odours, or changes in texture. Therefore, it is important to regularly inspect your Parmesan cheese for any signs of spoilage and consume it within a reasonable timeframe.
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Grated parmesan has a shorter shelf life
Refrigeration is crucial for slowing down the growth of harmful bacteria and mould. Parmesan cheese, with its low moisture content, is less prone to bacterial growth than softer cheeses, but it still requires refrigeration to maintain its quality. For optimal preservation, Parmesan cheese should be kept in the refrigerator, ideally at temperatures between 34°F and 40°F (1°C to 4°C).
If you notice mould on the surface of hard cheeses like Parmesan, it's generally safe to cut off the affected portion, and the rest of the cheese should still be usable. However, if it has developed an ammonia-like smell, it’s best to throw it away immediately. Eating mouldy cheese could put you at risk for stomach pain and diarrhoea, which are symptoms of food poisoning.
Before using Parmesan cheese that is past its prime, inspect it thoroughly for signs of spoilage, which can include mould or an off smell. If you notice any of these signs, it's best to discard the cheese to avoid the risk of illness. For grated Parmesan cheese, check its "best-before" date once again, then note a spongy texture. Discard it immediately and get a new pack!
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Freezing parmesan
Parmesan cheese is a hard, low-moisture cheese with a long shelf life. It can be kept in the refrigerator for several months, and its low moisture content prevents mould from growing. However, if you wish to extend its shelf life, freezing is an option.
To freeze Parmesan cheese, start by wrapping the cheese in wax, parchment, or regular paper. Avoid using plastic wrap or sealed plastic containers, as these can cause condensation and sweating. Then, wrap the cheese in a layer of aluminium foil. Finally, place the wrapped cheese in a heavy-duty freezer bag, removing as much air as possible before sealing.
For grated Parmesan cheese, you can freeze it directly in the container you purchased it in, assuming it has an airtight lid. If the container is not entirely airtight, you can place it inside a freezer bag for added protection. Frozen grated Parmesan cheese can be used directly from the freezer and added to dishes like pasta, soups, and stews, with no need for thawing.
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Frequently asked questions
Parmesan cheese that has expired will have a harder texture and may have green mould on the surface. If you take a sniff, you’re likely to notice a mouldy or sour smell. Spoiled Parmesan may also change colour from light to dark.
If you notice mould on hard cheeses like Parmesan, it is generally safe to cut off the affected portion, and the rest of the cheese should still be usable. However, if it has developed an ammonia-like smell, it’s best to throw it away.
Consuming dairy products like Parmesan cheese past their expiration date can pose health risks. Bacteria such as Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria can flourish in spoiled cheese, leading to foodborne illnesses. Symptoms can include stomach cramps, nausea, fever, and diarrhoea.

























