
If you've ever wondered why your toes smell like cheese, you're not alone. This phenomenon is called bromodosis and is caused by a build-up of sweat and bacteria on the feet. Our feet have about 250,000 sweat glands, making them one of the sweatiest parts of our bodies. While fresh sweat doesn't have a smell, bacteria thrive in moist environments and break down the sweat on our skin, producing isovaleric acid—the same substance that gives cheese its pungent odour. Certain factors, such as wearing socks and shoes that don't allow sweat to evaporate, can make foot odour worse. Additionally, poor foot hygiene and fungal infections, such as athlete's foot, can also contribute to the cheesy aroma.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Cause | Bacteria, specifically Brevibacterium, which is also used to mature certain types of cheese |
| Other causes | Toenail fungus, or Onychomycosis, caused by the organism tinea unguium |
| Symptoms | Discolouration, brittleness, dry scaly or flaking patches of skin, red itchy spots, moist areas in-between toes, crumbly chalky texture, creamy-yellow or greenish-black discolouration of soft sticky substance under the nail |
| Prevention | Wash feet regularly and dry thoroughly, change socks daily, wear moisture-wicking socks and breathable shoes, wear different pairs of shoes on alternate days |
| Treatment | Apply antifungal solution to feet and toenails twice a day after washing, use foot deodorant or antiperspirant, consult a podiatrist for laser treatment |
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What You'll Learn
- The bacteria that feed on sweat and dead skin produce a gas with a cheese-like smell
- Poor foot hygiene can cause a build-up of sweat and bacteria, leading to toe jam and fungal infections
- Non-breathable shoes and synthetic socks can trap moisture, creating an ideal environment for bacteria
- Cotton or wool socks, well-ventilated shoes, and alternating footwear can reduce moisture and bacteria
- Regular foot washing, toenail cleaning, and drying can prevent sweat and bacteria build-up

The bacteria that feed on sweat and dead skin produce a gas with a cheese-like smell
The human foot is one of the sweatiest parts of the body, with about 250,000 sweat glands. While sweat itself is odourless, certain bacteria that thrive in moist environments feed on it, as well as on dead skin. This results in the production of isovaleric acid, which gives off a cheese-like smell. This type of bacteria is called Brevibacterium and is also used to mature certain types of cheese.
The same bacteria can be found on your feet, causing a cheese-like smell. The fungus that causes toenail infections also thrives in similar conditions, i.e., dark, moist places like sweaty shoes. Therefore, toenail fungus and the cheese-like odour often occur together.
Toenail fungus, or Onychomycosis, is caused by the organism Tinea unguium. It is characterised by discolouration and brittleness of the toenail. The infection can cause white, smelly gunk to build up under the toenails, which is where the odour typically comes from. The fungus can infect the nail from the underside and cause discolouration, ranging from brown to black. It can also affect the surface of the nail, creating islands of white discolouration.
Fungal infections are treatable and manageable, but they require persistence, patience, and perseverance. Treatment options include oral and topical antifungal medications and laser therapy. Toenail fungus can be prevented by maintaining good foot hygiene and wearing well-ventilated shoes.
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Poor foot hygiene can cause a build-up of sweat and bacteria, leading to toe jam and fungal infections
Poor foot hygiene can lead to a build-up of sweat and bacteria, resulting in toe jam and fungal infections. The feet have about 250,000 sweat glands, making them one of the sweatiest parts of the body. While sweat itself is odourless, bacteria thrive in moist environments, and when they break down the sweat on your skin, they produce isovaleric acid, which has a strong smell.
Fungal infections, such as toenail fungus or onychomycosis, can cause the toenails to emit a cheese-like odour. This is due to the presence of the organism tinea unguium, which thrives in dark, damp environments. Wearing closed shoes for long periods, tight socks, or not wearing socks at all can create the perfect environment for fungus to grow.
To prevent and treat fungal infections, maintaining good foot hygiene is essential. This includes washing your feet regularly, drying them thoroughly, and wearing clean socks. Cotton or wool socks are recommended as they absorb sweat and keep your feet dry. Wearing well-ventilated shoes and rotating between different pairs can also help prevent the build-up of bacteria.
If you suspect a fungal infection, it is advisable to consult a podiatrist or doctor for a clinical diagnosis. They may recommend topical treatments, oral antifungal medication, or laser therapy, depending on the severity of the infection. It is important to start treatment promptly to prevent the infection from worsening or spreading to other areas of the foot.
In summary, poor foot hygiene can create favourable conditions for bacteria and fungi to thrive, leading to toe jam and fungal infections. By practising good foot hygiene and being mindful of your footwear choices, you can significantly reduce the risk of these issues.
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Non-breathable shoes and synthetic socks can trap moisture, creating an ideal environment for bacteria
Our feet have about 250,000 sweat glands, making them one of the sweatiest parts of our bodies. While sweat itself is odourless, the bacteria that thrive in sweaty environments are the culprits behind the cheesy smell. These bacteria produce isovaleric acid, which is also found in stinky cheese.
Non-breathable shoes and synthetic socks trap moisture, creating an ideal environment for bacteria. This is because synthetic fibres trap moisture, inviting bacteria to flourish. Cotton or wool socks, on the other hand, absorb sweat and keep your feet dry. Wearing the same pair of shoes daily doesn't allow them enough time to dry, turning them into a breeding ground for bacteria.
To combat this, rotate between different pairs of shoes and opt for well-ventilated, breathable options. Similarly, change your socks daily, or twice a day if your feet tend to sweat a lot. Choose moisture-wicking socks that help keep your feet dry. Wash your feet regularly and dry them thoroughly before putting on a fresh pair of socks.
If your toenails are also emitting a foul odour, it could be due to a toenail fungus. This is common in people who wear closed shoes for extended periods. The dark, damp environment inside sweaty shoes is perfect for fungal growth. Toenail fungus can cause discolouration and brittleness of the nail, along with a cheesy smell.
To address this issue, maintain good foot hygiene and ensure your feet are clean and dry. Change your socks and shoes immediately after exercising, and consider using foot deodorant or antiperspirant. If the problem persists, consult a podiatrist for professional advice and treatment options.
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Cotton or wool socks, well-ventilated shoes, and alternating footwear can reduce moisture and bacteria
The human foot is a smelly place, with about 250,000 sweat glands, making it one of the sweatiest parts of the body. While sweat itself is odourless, the bacteria that thrive in sweaty environments are the culprits behind the strong, cheese-like smell that can emanate from feet and toes.
This bacteria, called Brevibacterium, is also used to mature certain types of cheese, which is why the smell is so familiar. These bacteria love moisture, and sweaty sneakers provide the perfect environment for them to multiply. The same goes for the fungus that can cause toenail infections, which also thrives in dark, damp environments.
To combat this, it is important to keep your feet as dry as possible. Cotton or wool socks are excellent choices for absorbing sweat and keeping your feet dry. Synthetic fibres, on the other hand, can trap moisture, creating an inviting environment for bacteria to flourish. Well-ventilated shoes made from breathable materials are also a good idea, as they allow air to circulate and prevent moisture build-up. Alternating between different pairs of shoes will also give each pair time to dry out completely between wears, reducing the chance of bacterial growth.
In addition to these measures, it is important to practise good foot hygiene. Wash your feet regularly, especially after exercising, and dry them thoroughly. Change your socks daily, or twice a day if your feet tend to get very sweaty. If you have a persistent case of smelly feet, you may want to try wearing foot deodorant or antiperspirant. For more severe or persistent cases of foot odour, it is recommended to consult a podiatrist or doctor, who can advise on the best course of treatment.
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Regular foot washing, toenail cleaning, and drying can prevent sweat and bacteria build-up
It's only natural to wonder why your toes smell like cheese. After all, it's not an uncommon occurrence. Our feet have about 250,000 sweat glands, making them one of the sweatiest parts of our bodies. And where there's sweat, there's often odor—but not because of the sweat itself, which is virtually odorless. The real culprits are the bacteria that thrive in sweaty environments, breaking down the sweat on your skin and producing isovaleric acid, the same substance that gives cheese its distinctive smell.
To prevent your feet from becoming a bacterial breeding ground, it's essential to practice regular foot hygiene. This includes washing your feet with soap and water daily and thoroughly drying them, especially between the toes. Toenails should also be kept clean and trimmed. By keeping your feet clean and dry, you can reduce the likelihood of bacteria buildup and the resulting cheesy smell.
It's also important to choose the right footwear and socks. Opt for breathable shoes made from materials like leather, canvas, or mesh that allow air circulation and moisture escape. Avoid rubber and plastic shoes that trap moisture and contribute to bacterial growth. As for socks, choose moisture-wicking materials such as merino wool, bamboo, or specialty socks like DryMax or copper-infused socks, which have antimicrobial properties. Change your socks daily, or even twice a day if your feet tend to sweat a lot.
Additionally, rotate your shoes, allowing them to air dry completely before wearing them again. This gives your shoes time to dry out and prevents the buildup of bacteria. You can also treat your shoes with disinfecting sprays or wipes, or use cedar shoe trees when you're not wearing them to help absorb moisture and odors.
By combining regular foot washing, toenail cleaning, and drying with the right choices in footwear and socks, you can effectively prevent sweat and bacteria buildup, keeping your feet fresh and odor-free.
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Frequently asked questions
The smell is caused by bacteria that thrive in the warm, moist environment created by sweat. These bacteria break down the sweat on your skin, producing isovaleric acid, which has a cheesy smell.
Keep your feet clean and dry. Wash your feet at least once a day with soap and water, focusing on the areas between your toes. Make sure to dry your feet thoroughly before putting on your socks and shoes.
Wear socks made from natural fibres such as cotton or wool, as these are better at absorbing sweat and keeping your feet dry. Avoid synthetic fibres, as these can trap moisture and create a welcoming environment for bacteria.
Wash your feet at least once a day, or twice a day if you're particularly sweaty. If you can't wash your feet during the day, use wipes designed for skin to keep them clean.
Try using an antiperspirant or foot powder to reduce sweat. You can also soak your feet in a solution of baking soda and water a few times a week to restore pH balance and reduce bacteria. If the smell persists, consult a doctor or podiatrist.

























