Frederic Melton
The human foot is host to about 250,000 sweat glands, making it one of the sweatiest parts of the body. When bacteria break down the sweat on the feet, they produce isovaleric acid, which gives stinky cheese its signature aroma. This isovaleric acid combines with factors such as the type of socks worn, the accumulation of dead skin cells, and underlying skin conditions to create what is colloquially known as foot cheese.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of sweat glands in feet | 250,000 |
| Odor | Caused by bacteria breaking down sweat on the skin |
| Bacteria | Thrive in moist environments |
| Synthetic socks | Can trap moisture, creating an inviting environment for bacteria |
| Cotton or wool socks | Absorb sweat and keep feet dry |
| Wearing the same pair of shoes daily | Turns them into a bacterial breeding ground |
| Well-ventilated shoes | Can help keep the odor at bay |
| Wash feet | Regularly, and dry thoroughly |
| Toe jam | Caused by dry skin, poor hygiene, lint from socks, dirt, dry skin flakes, softened corns or calluses, and fungal infections |
| Treatment for toe jam | Wash feet with soap and water at least twice a day, use corn starch or talcum powder, soak corns or calluses in warm water and file them down |
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What You'll Learn
Sweat and bacteria
The human foot is home to about 250,000 sweat glands, making it one of the sweatiest parts of the body. While sweat itself is odourless, the distinctive smell of cheesy feet is caused by bacteria breaking down the sweat on the skin and producing isovaleric acid—the same substance that gives stinky cheese its signature pong.
Bacteria thrive in moist environments, and sweaty sneakers provide the perfect breeding ground. Synthetic socks can also trap moisture, creating an inviting environment for bacteria to multiply. Cotton or wool socks, on the other hand, are more effective at absorbing sweat and keeping feet dry.
Wearing the same pair of shoes daily doesn't allow them enough time to dry out, so rotating between different pairs and opting for well-ventilated shoes can help reduce the cheesy aroma. Regular foot hygiene is also essential in preventing foot odour. Washing your feet with soap and water at least twice a day, or using wipes when washing isn't possible, can help keep bacteria at bay.
In addition to hygiene, maintaining proper foot care can reduce the occurrence of foot odour. Soaking corns or calluses in warm water and gently filing them down can prevent the accumulation of dead skin cells, which, when combined with sweat, can contribute to toe jam and foot odour. Similarly, treating underlying skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, can help address the root cause of the problem.
For individuals with limited mobility or vision, enlisting the help of a family member, manicurist, or medical professional for regular foot inspections and care can ensure proper hygiene and address any potential issues.
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Synthetic fibres in socks
Synthetic fibres are man-made materials designed for specific uses. They are commonly used in socks to increase durability, provide a better fit, and improve moisture-wicking abilities. Several synthetic fibres are often combined or placed in select areas of the sock to improve comfort and fit.
Some of the most common synthetic fibres used in socks include polyester, nylon, spandex, and acrylic. Polyester is a hydrophobic fibre known for its durability and colourfastness. However, it is not as absorbent as other materials and is prone to tangling and staining. Nylon is another popular synthetic material made from petroleum that is strong, versatile, and hard-wearing. It is often blended with other fabrics to increase elasticity and improve durability.
Spandex, also known as elastane or Lycra, is a synthetic fibre made from polyurethane. It provides elasticity, comfort, and a close fit, making it ideal for socks to help them stay up and provide extra support in the arch and ankle areas. While spandex is an excellent supporting fibre, it is not the most breathable fabric and can stick to the body when wet. Therefore, it is typically used in combination with other fibres.
Acrylic is a highly durable, warm, soft, and lightweight synthetic fibre. It provides a high level of comfort with little weight, making it a popular choice for socks.
Other synthetic fibres used in socks include polypropylene and CoolMax® polyester, a moisture-wicking fabric used in liner socks for hiking. Lurex, a synthetic fibre with a glittering metallic thread, is also used for intricate detailing in sock patterns.
When choosing between natural and synthetic socks, it is important to consider the specific needs and intended use. Synthetic socks are generally more durable, quick-drying, better at retaining their shape, and more affordable. They are excellent for sports and outdoor activities due to their moisture-wicking properties and ability to provide a snug fit. However, they may not be as effective at temperature regulation as natural fibres and can lose their insulating properties when wet. Natural fibres, such as wool, are often more comfortable, breathable, better for sensitive skin, and superior in odour control. They are also generally more expensive and environmentally friendly.
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Poor hygiene
To combat foot odour, it is important to practise good foot hygiene. This includes washing the feet regularly with soap and water, at least twice a day, and drying them thoroughly. Using wipes meant for the skin can be a good alternative when washing is not possible. Changing socks daily, or after exercising, is crucial, especially if they are wet. Cotton or wool socks are preferable as they absorb sweat better and keep the feet drier.
For those who struggle to wash their feet due to physical limitations, enlisting the help of a family member, manicurist, or medical professional to inspect and wash the feet regularly is advised. Additionally, wearing well-fitting, breathable shoes can help prevent excessive sweating.
Toe jam, a condition caused by the buildup of dirt, skin flakes, and sweat, is often associated with poor foot hygiene. It can be prevented by regularly washing and drying the feet, using medicated talcum powder, and changing socks daily. Treating underlying skin conditions, such as eczema or athlete's foot, can also help alleviate toe jam.
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Skin conditions
Foot cheese is made from bacteria found on the human body, including the foot, belly button, armpit, mouth, and in between toes. The project, called Selfmade, was exhibited in Dublin, Ireland and featured eleven cheeses made from bacterial cultures harvested from the skin of artists, scientists, anthropologists, and cheesemakers. The cheeses were made by taking swabs of human bacteria and adding milk to it.
Now, onto the skin conditions that may be relevant to the creation of foot cheese. Firstly, it is important to note that the human foot has more sweat glands than any other part of the body. This means that feet can be particularly prone to bacterial growth if not properly cared for, which can lead to foot odour, also known as bromodosis. Poor foot hygiene, such as infrequent foot washing or not changing socks daily, can exacerbate this issue. Additionally, wearing closed-in shoes or boots that don't allow sweat to evaporate can contribute to the problem. Toe jam, the buildup of dead skin cells, sweat, sock lint, and dirt between the toes, can also be a factor in foot odour. In more severe cases, a condition called hyperhidrosis can cause excessive sweating, affecting not only the feet but other parts of the body as well.
Another skin condition that can affect the feet is athlete's foot, or tinea pedis. This is a fungal skin infection that thrives in moist environments and can be contracted in places like locker rooms, showers, and swimming pools. Signs of athlete's foot include itchy, soggy white skin between the toes, red areas indicating skin damage, and possibly blisters or wounds from scratching. It is important to treat athlete's foot promptly to prevent the infection from spreading to other parts of the foot or leg.
While not strictly a skin condition, ingrown toenails can also cause issues with the feet. This occurs when the nail grows into the surrounding skin, leading to tenderness, redness, and bleeding.
In summary, various skin conditions and issues related to the feet can impact foot health and odour. Proper foot hygiene, including regular washing and drying, choosing absorbent socks, and wearing open-toed shoes or going barefoot when appropriate, can help prevent these issues and maintain foot health.
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Fungal infections
The cheesy smell of feet is due to the presence of bacteria that thrive in sweaty shoes and socks. When bacteria break down sweat on the skin, they produce isovaleric acid, which gives stinky cheese its distinct aroma. This process is similar to the bacterial breakdown of milk curds during the cheesemaking process, resulting in the characteristic odour.
To prevent and treat fungal infections like athlete's foot, maintaining proper foot hygiene is crucial. This includes washing the feet regularly, at least twice daily, with soap and warm water. Drying the feet thoroughly after washing is essential, as fungi thrive in moist environments. In addition to hygiene, wearing well-ventilated shoes and alternating between different pairs can help prevent the accumulation of sweat and create a less favourable environment for fungal growth.
For individuals who struggle to wash their feet due to physical limitations or balance issues, enlisting the help of a family member, manicurist, or medical professional for regular foot inspections and care is recommended. Over-the-counter antifungal medications are available to treat athlete's foot and alleviate associated symptoms such as itching. Soaking the feet in a sea salt bath is also suggested as a home remedy for managing fungal infections.
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Frequently asked questions
Foot cheese is made of isovaleric acid, which is produced when bacteria break down sweat on the skin.
Your feet have about 250,000 sweat glands, making them one of the sweatiest parts of your body. When you wear the same pair of shoes day in and day out, they don't have enough time to dry, creating a bacterial breeding ground.
To prevent your feet from smelling like cheese, you should practice good foot hygiene. Wash your feet regularly with soap and water, at least twice a day. You should also dry your feet thoroughly and wear socks that absorb sweat, such as those made of cotton or wool.
Avoid synthetic socks as they trap moisture, creating an inviting environment for bacteria. Instead, opt for socks made of cotton or wool, which absorb sweat and keep your feet dry.
Yes, wearing the same pair of shoes without giving them time to dry out can turn them into a bacterial breeding ground. Rotating between different pairs of shoes and choosing well-ventilated shoes can help keep foot odour at bay.
